Section 152 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita addresses acts that endanger India’s sovereignty, unity, and integrity. It criminalizes purposeful or knowing attempts to incite secession, armed rebellion, or any subversive or separatist activities. This can be done through spoken or written words, signs, visible representations, electronic communications, financial means, or any other medium.
Individuals found guilty under this section may face imprisonment for life or a term of up to seven years, along with a fine. However, the explanation attached to this section clarifies that criticism or disapproval of government actions or policies, when expressed with the intent to bring about lawful changes, does not constitute an offense. This ensures a balance between safeguarding national integrity and upholding freedom of expression.
How It Protects:
This section acts as a safeguard against threats to India’s sovereignty and unity. It ensures that while dissent and criticism for lawful reforms are protected, any activity promoting rebellion or separatism is strictly punished.
